Gerunds
Gerunds are defined as the -ing form of a verb. They have several functions.
1. Used as subjects and complements
Skiing is my favorite sport.
Hiking can be very strenuous.
Seeing is believing
2. Used as objects following prepositions and prepositional expressions
Thanks for tending my children.
The job consists of typing, filing, and answering the phone.
3. Used as objects following certain verbs.*
The children enjoyed watching the parade.
Ms. Terrell avoided paying her taxes until it was too late.
Gerunds can sometimes take objects of their own:
Roland is afraid of making mistakes.
Sandy is considering leaving New York.
*These verbs are commonly followed by gerunds.
admit
begin
discuss
hate
love
practice
regret
stop
|
advise
can't help
dislike
hesitate
mention
prefer
remember
suggest
|
anticipate
complete
enjoy
imagine
mind
quit
resent
threaten
|
appreciate
consider
finish
intend
miss
recall
resist
tolerate
|
attempt
delay
forget
keep
neglect
recollect
risk
try
|
avoid
deny
go
like
postpone
recommend
start
understand
|
Infinitives
Infinitives are defined as to + base form of the verb. They have several functions.
1. Used as subjects and subject complements.
To know me is to love me.
To live in Hawaii is my lifetime dream.
2. Used as objects following certain verbs.*
I wanted to tell you how much I appreciated your gift.
He hesitated to ask the embarrassing question.
3. Used as a shortened form of in order to.
You must take this medicine (in order) to get well.
I went to the bank to cash a check.
Infinitives can sometimes take objects of their own.
We hope to find the person who did this.
I was asked to make a dessert for the potluck dinner.
*These verbs are commonly followed by infinitives.
afford
beg
decide
forget
intend
mean
prepare
seem
threaten
|
agree
begin
demand
go
know how
need
pretend
start
try
|
appear
care
deserve
happen
learn
neglect
promise
stop
volunteer
|
arrange
choose
desire
hate
like
offer
refuse
struggle
wait
|
ask
claim
expect
hesitate
love
plan
regret
swear
want
|
attempt
consent
fail
hope
manage
prefer
remember
tend
wish
|
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